What if the Big Bang, the prevailing theory of how our universe came to be, never happened? What if the universe did not expand from a small dense ball of fire, but was in a state stable 13.8 billion years without beginning or end? An interesting analysis was published Advances in Physics Says Big Bang in 2022 could be a failure because it's based on Doppler effect, or Doppler shiftA historical theory of physics by the Austrian mathematician and physicist Christian Doppler Proposed in 1842.
The Doppler effect explains it increase or decrease of frequency perceived Light, sound, or other waves (note the word waves here) depend on a source and an object moving toward each other. In space, the Doppler effect Affects light Planetary bodies emit: When a body in space moves away from us, its light Splits, or “redshifts” (as it shifts towards longer wavelengths). On the other hand, if a body is moving toward us, its light waves become more compact, or “bluer,” (since light moves toward shorter wavelengths). Because in space blue means closer and red means further away; This principle is clear to astronomers. Starlight measurements have come to the conclusion that All galaxies are redshifted. In other words, these experiments support the Big Bang theory, according to which the universe continues to expand.
But Jack Wilencik, author of the provocative study, is highly skeptical that the redshift is motion. In fact, he believes the Doppler effect may actually be the Achilles' heel that brings down the Big Bang theory.
A reason to assume that the universe did not begin with a big bang?
“The Doppler effect is a 180-year-old theory that no one has supported with experimental evidence,” Wilencik explains. Popular Mechanics. To observe the different planets and moons of the solar system, Vilenczyk, a lawyer by profession and an amateur astronomer, borrowed a simple spectroscopic experiment from the English astronomer. William Huggins First used in 1868. Spectroscopy is Study and measurement of spectraThat is, the Maps or diagrams It refers to the intensity of light from an astronomical body such as a star. Wilenchik also used data from the Hawaii-based Keck Observatory spectrometers A web, and hired a professional astrophysicist to process them for him. The results of their study agree with a different and incompatible idea of the universe: the exhausted light model.
Created in 1929 Swiss astronomer Fritz ZwickyThe hypothesis Exhausted light is responsible for the red shift of the universe Photons, the tiny packets of electromagnetic energy that make up light lose energy as they travel through the vast universe. Therefore, a decrease or increase in energy does not mean motion, so an expanding universe cannot exist. This model implies that light loses energy over time, so the universe must be stable.
“No, the universe didn't start with an atomic explosion or anything like that,” Vilenczyk says. “The universe has no beginning or end,” he says, denying it Theory of the primordial atom It was first proposed in 1927 by Belgian priest, physicist and astronomer Georges Lemaître. (Later, astronomer Fred Hoyle coined the term “Big Bang” for Lemaître's idea of the origin of the cosmos, and it stuck.)
According to Vilencik, it ultimately comes down to whether a star turns red or blue Corpuscular theory of light By Isaac Newton. Newton's theory states that light is made up of small particles or “corpuscles” that travel continuously in straight lines. In essence, the blue or red shifts we see in space are the result of corpuscles of different sizes: blue light represents larger bodies, while red light represents smaller bodies. “If light is not in waves, the Doppler theory is over, because the whole theory is based on the idea that light is in waves,” says Wilencik.
But his idea that galaxies are atoms and stars are light is particularly intriguing (he is a Thread You can get a free consultation on the internet). “Because the universe is neither expanding nor contracting, what we have in the sky are giant spirals. And we have very strange and unique stars,” he says.
This is what it means: It was at the end of the 19th century when the well-known Scots-Irish physicist William Thomson. Lord Kelvinatom is a ““Whirling in the “Ether”. Totally agree, atoms have spirals at their core, and galaxies and large galaxy clusters or supergalaxies exist because the same spiral structure permeates the entire universe from the macroscopic to the microscopic level. The universe is infinitely large, infinitely small and infinite; Stars are strange rays of light; Vilenczyk concludes that we need to rethink the theory of the Doppler effect.
But not everyone agrees.
The big bang theory is an even better explanation why
“It's a huge leap in logic that the big bang failed because it depended on the Doppler effect. The Doppler theory has been tested and upheld over and over again,” he says. Popular Mechanics Doctor Stephen HollerAssociate Professor of Physics at Fordham University.
The Doppler effect is a wave phenomenon that we are all familiar with. For example, sound. The sound of a moving vehicle, especially a speeding vehicle like an ambulance or fire truck, hurting your ears, or fading as the vehicle approaches or recedes from you is a “good example of the contraction or stretching of the wave.” For you, the observer, Holler says. Medical applications such as Velocimetry Doppler (a test that measures blood flow and 3D ultrasound images) owes its existence to the Doppler effect. Getting to the heart of Wilenczyk's argument, the redshifts and blueshifts don't match predictions about how planetary objects move, and Holler says that without the Doppler effect we wouldn't really have extraterrestrial exploration.
“On extraterrestrials, we were able to fix the chemical composition of stars and planets by looking at correlations of spectral lines with lines known for chemicals on Earth with Doppler spectroscopy,” Holler says. Granted, we may never know whether the big bang theory is correct, but it is currently the best explanation for the origin of the universe, he continues. “Wilenczyk, an outspoken originalist who relied on others to analyze the data for him, exemplifies the impossibility of early atomic theory,” says Holler. But the theory entered the realm of science almost a century ago, when evidence began to come in and explain it, or in other words, when we didn't know what we didn't know”: “We don't live. A world of alternate realities. We have to go where the evidence is. “There is currently nothing to suggest that the Big Bang is a myth,” says Holler.
In ancient Greek mythology, the The gods rule the sky And, together, the dynamics of birth and destruction. For Vilenczyk, this is no coincidence: we still have planets named after Greek gods (although the Romans They would “Romanize” the names of the majority later), contains some kind of cosmic code. “If the divine is someone who creates or destroys things, then the galaxies may be divine in their own way,” suggests the Phoenix advocate. According to Wilenczyk, this symbolic tradition goes beyond theory to a parallel between symbolism and practice, even if it is not attractive. This will inspire new exploration of principles of cosmology, such as the Doppler effect, which are important in understanding the expansion of the universe.
“We can re-examine the Doppler theory by observing the behavior of a planet like Mercury, and we know when it's approaching us or moving away from us, and at what speed,” Vilenczyk explains. “This way, we can see if it turns red or blue.”
Deep research like this could give us a deeper understanding of how the universe works because we've been stuck in the Big Bang theory for so long, Vilenczyk says. Are we on a roll or are new startups overhyped?
Stav Dimitropoulos' science writing has appeared online or in print for the BBC, Discover, Scientific American, Nature, Science, Runner's World, The Daily Beast and others. Stave interrupted an athletic and academic career to become a journalist and learn about the world.
